Underwater robot, also known as unmanned remote control vehicle, is a kind of extreme operation robot working underwater. The underwater environment is harsh and dangerous, and people's diving depth is limited, so the underwater robot becomes an important tool for developing the ocean.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of AUV?
1. Advantages of underwater robots
The underwater robot can work underwater for a long time, instead of manual operation in highly dangerous environment, polluted environment and water with zero visibility. Underwater robots are generally equipped with sonar systems, cameras, lights, robotic arms and other devices, which can provide real-time video and sonar images, and the robotic arm can grasp heavy objects. Underwater robots are widely used in oil development, maritime law enforcement and evidence collection, scientific research, military and other fields.
2. Disadvantages of underwater robots
Because the underwater vehicle environment is complex, the underwater acoustic signal noise is large, and various underwater acoustic sensors generally have shortcomings such as poor accuracy and frequent jumps, so the filtering technology is extremely important in the underwater vehicle motion control system. The commonly used position sensor in underwater vehicle motion control is the short baseline or long baseline underwater acoustic positioning system, and the velocity sensor is the Doppler velocimeter, which will affect the accuracy of the underwater acoustic positioning system. The main factors include sound velocity error, measurement error of responder response time, and correction error of transponder position or spacing. The factors that affect the accuracy of Doppler velocimeter mainly include sound velocity C, physical and chemical properties of medium in seawater, vehicle bumps, etc.
Application field of underwater robot
1. Safe search and rescue: 1. It can be used to check whether explosives are installed on the dam and pier, and whether the structure is good or bad; 2. Remote control reconnaissance and dangerous goods entry inspection; 3. Underwater array assists in installation/disassembly; 4. Smuggling goods are found on the side and bottom of the ship (public security and customs); 5. Underwater target observation, search and rescue of ruins and collapsed mines, etc. 6. Search for underwater evidence (public security and customs); 7. Maritime rescue and search;
2. Pipeline inspection: 1. It can be used for the inspection of water tanks, water pipes and reservoirs in the municipal drinking water system; 2. Inspection of sewage/drainage pipes and sewers; 3. Inspection of foreign oil pipelines; 4. Inspection of river-crossing and river-crossing pipelines;
3. Offshore oil in ship channel 1. Hull maintenance; Underwater anchor, propeller and seabed exploration; 2. Inspection of wharf and wharf pile foundation, bridge and underwater part of dam; 3. Channel clearing and port operation; 4. Overhaul of underwater structure of drilling platform and offshore oil engineering;
4. Scientific research and teaching: 1. Observation, research and teaching of aquatic environment and underwater organisms; 2. Marine inspection; 3. Observation under ice;
5. Underwater entertainment: 1. Underwater television shooting and underwater photography; 2. Diving, boating and yachting; 3. Take care of the divers and choose the right place before diving;
6. Energy industry. Nuclear power plant reactor inspection, pipeline inspection, foreign matter detection and removal; 2. Maintenance of ship lock of hydropower station; 3. Overhaul of hydropower dams and reservoirs (overhaul of sand outlets, trash racks and drainage channels);
7. Archaeology: underwater archaeology and underwater sunken ship survey.
8、 Fisheries: deep-water cage aquaculture, artificial reef survey.
The rapid development of Internet high-tech such as artificial intelligence has also promoted the rapid development of underwater robot industry. Underwater robots have expanded from the initial military market to the civilian and mass entertainment consumption market, with a wide range of applications.
